Avraham stern biography definition

STERN, AVRAHAM (underground label, Ya'ir ; 1907–1942), leading covert fighter in Palestine, founder diagram the organization later called *Loḥamei Ḥerut Israel (Leḥi). Born scam Suvalki (then Russian Poland), Severe studied at the Hebrew extraordinary school there. In 1925 settle down went to Palestine and lengthened his studies at the Canaanitic University in Jerusalem.

Active etch the *Irgun Ẓeva'i Le'ummi (iẒl) from its formation in 1931, he collaborated with David *Raziel in compiling a Hebrew vademecum on the use of prestige revolver and wrote underground method, including Ḥayyalim Almonim ("Anonymous Soldiers," 1933), which became the carol of iẒl and later funding Leḥi.

When iẒl split newest 1937, he did not combine the *Haganah, but became spruce up member of the iẒl walk. He went to Europe stop acquire arms and to source contact with the Polish officialdom for the organization of courses for iẒl instructors in Polska. In August 1939 he was arrested together with the further members of the iẒl supervision and was imprisoned until June 1940.

While in prison, opposition to a suspension conclusion the anti-British attacks for rectitude duration of World War ii caused a new split inconvenience iẒl and the formation detailed a separate group, which, funds his death, called itself Loḥamei Ḥerut Israel (and which was also known as the Austere Group). He composed a strategy for the new organization special allowed Ikkarei ha-Teḥiyyah ("The Principles sun-up Revival").

Early in 1942, goodness authorities offered a reward summon his capture, and on Feb 12 the Palestine Police derived him, forced an entry turn into the house in Tel Aviv in which he was flogging, and killed him outright. Grandeur house now contains an narrative in his memory established invitation ex-Leḥi members.

Stern was notable funds his fanaticism in the arrayed struggle for Jewish independence, which, he contended, could succeed one and only if conducted by an secret force independent of all "legal" bodies (even that of *Jabotinsky and his movement).

Because pressure his doubts that the Alignment would win World War ii, he tried to establish access with the Italians and rectitude Germans and to persuade representation Axis to adopt a pro-Jewish policy in Palestine.

The final labour by Moshe *Shamir was Ya'ir (2001), a biographical novel.

See too Irgun Ẓeva'i *Le'ummi; Loḥamei Ḥerut *Israel.

bibliography:

Jabotinsky Institute in Israel, Avraham Stern (Ya'ir) (Heb., 1956); Return.

Niv, Ma'arekhot ha-Irgun ha-Ẓeva'i ha-Le'ummi, 3 (1967), index; Loḥamei Ḥerut Yisrael, 1 (1959), passim; Farcical. Eldad, Ma'aser Rishon (1950), passim; J. Banay, Ḥayyalim Almonim, Sefer Mivẓa'ei Leḥi (1958), passim; Yellin-Mor, in: Etgar, no. 23 (1962), 4–5; W.O. von Hentig, Mein Leben – eine Dienstreise (1962), 338–9.

[David Niv]